Transtornos parafílicos
comorbidades e abordagem ética
Palavras-chave:
Transtornos parafílicos, tratamento farmacológico, comorbidade, sexualidade, éticaResumo
As parafilias, antes conhecidas como perversões sexuais, foram, ao longo da história, ora consideradas patologias ora não. Em 2013, o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5) estabeleceu a distinção entre parafilias e transtornos parafílicos (TP), a partir da qual somente os últimos passaram a ser considerados doenças e, portanto, passíveis de tratamento. A presença de comorbidades e a farmacologia das medicações utilizadas são de fundamental importância na escolha da abordagem dos TP. Drogas que inibem a atividade sexual (como antidopaminérgicos, serotoninérgicos, antiandrógenos e outras) podem ser prescritas conforme comorbidades sexuais, psiquiátricas ou sistêmicas. Tratar um transtorno exibicionista associado à doença de Wilson e a uma psicose orgânica é diferente de tratar este mesmo TP associado a hipotireoidismo e depressão, por exemplo. É recomendado que o comportamento parafílico seja inibido sem impedir que o sujeito mantenha a função sexual. No entanto, quando o risco de agressão sexual é maior, muitos autores indicam inibição mais intensa, por meio de antiandrógenos potentes, a chamada “castração química”, a qual não está autorizada no Brasil.
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