Prevalência e fatores associados à sarcopenia em homens e mulheres ativos acima de 50 anos de idade. Um estudo transversal
Palavras-chave:
Envelhecimento, sarcopenia, sistema musculoesquelético, força muscular, desempenho físico funcionalResumo
Introdução: As alterações na composição corporal em idosos, principalmente na redução da massa muscular, provocam o declínio físico e prejuízo da qualidade de vida, aumentando o risco de quedas, institucionalizações e morte. Identificar os fatores associados à sarcopenia possibilita a realização de estratégias para prevenção e reversão deste fenômeno durante o processo de envelhecimento. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência e fatores associados à sarcopenia em homens e mulheres não sedentários acima de 50 anos de idade. Tipo de estudo e local: Estudo transversal com homens e mulheres de São Caetano do Sul. Métodos: Foram avaliados 787 mulheres e 123 homens do Projeto Longitudinal de Envelhecimento e Aptidão Física de São Caetano do Sul que frequentam duas vezes na semana um programa de atividade física orientado do município. Para determinar a sarcopenia, utilizou-se o critério de redução da massa muscular (circunferência muscular do braço) e redução da força (preensão manual) ou a redução do desempenho (velocidade de andar). As variáveis independentes foram sexo, idade, índice de massa corporal (IMC), socioeconômicas, comportamentais, de saúde e nível de atividade física. Resultados: A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 13,5%, na qual 18,4% da amostra apresentou redução da massa muscular, 34,2% diminuição da velocidade de andar e 50,9% redução da força muscular. A prevalência de sarcopenia foi maior em quem não cumpria a recomendação de atividade física (65,8%), assim como quem ultrapassava o recomendado de tempo sentado durante a semana (63,2%). Conclusão: Os fatores associados à sarcopenia são IMC, circunferência de cintura e panturrilha.
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