A influência da dieta sobre o microambiente imunológico do útero gravídico e sua relação com o desenvolvimento pós-natal de doença alérgica

uma revisão da literatura recente

Autores

  • Daniella Campelo Batalha Cox Moore Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
  • Pedro Xavier Elsas Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
  • Elisabeth Santos Maximiano Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
  • Maria Ignez Capella Gaspar Elsas Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

Palavras-chave:

Alergia, Gravidez, Dieta, Imunologia, Criança

Resumo

Progressos médicos reduziram a mortalidade por doenças infecciosas em muitos países, mas doenças alérgicas tornaram-se mais prevalentes no mundo inteiro, no mesmo período, especialmente nos países industrializados, levando alguns a postular que a vida moderna influencia as relações entre hereditariedade e meio ambiente de forma a favorecer o desenvolvimento de atopia quando a exposição a agentes infec- ciosos diminui. O micro-ambiente fisiológico do útero gravídico favorece o desenvolvimento de linfócitos Th2. Contudo, a evidência sugere que um padrão persistente de imunidade Th2 direciona a resposta imune do organismo em desenvolvimento para um fenótipo atópico duradouro. Embora o resultado dependa de outros fatores, incluindo infecções, o estado funcional da microflora intestinal, e a exposição a alergenos ambientais em momentos críticos do desenvolvimento, o sistema imune no período perinatal permanece suscetível a intervenções que não têm efeito no adulto. Fizemos uma revisão da literatura acessível através da Medline para identificar avanços recentes na prevenção de doenças alérgicas por meio de interven- ção na relação materno-fetal. A dieta parece ter um impacto significativo sobre o perfil imunológico do útero gravídico, assim como sobre o desenvolvimento pós-natal de doença alérgica, como sugerido pelos efeitos de bactérias probióticas e pela manipulação do conteúdo de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados e de antioxidantes na dieta. Isso reforça a necessidade de estudos mais amplos para determinar o melhor tipo de intervenção, o momento mais adequado e os indivíduos que mais serão beneficiados.

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Biografia do Autor

Daniella Campelo Batalha Cox Moore, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

MD, MSc. Doctoral student in Children’s and Women’s Health, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Pedro Xavier Elsas, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

MD, PhD. Associate professor, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Visiting Professor, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Elisabeth Santos Maximiano, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

PhD. Research fellow, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Maria Ignez Capella Gaspar Elsas, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

MD, PhD. Senior investigator, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Publicado

2006-09-09

Como Citar

1.
Moore DCBC, Elsas PX, Maximiano ES, Elsas MICG. A influência da dieta sobre o microambiente imunológico do útero gravídico e sua relação com o desenvolvimento pós-natal de doença alérgica: uma revisão da literatura recente. Sao Paulo Med J [Internet]. 9º de setembro de 2006 [citado 15º de outubro de 2025];124(5):298-303. Disponível em: https://periodicosapm.emnuvens.com.br/spmj/article/view/2256

Edição

v. 124 n. 5 (2006)

Seção

Artigo de Atualização

Licença

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.