O ensino da homeopatia e da acupuntura na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
atitudes dos acadêmicos
Palavras-chave:
Educação médica, Medicina complementar, Homeopatia, Acupuntura, AtitudeResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Apesar de a homeopatia e a acupuntura serem reconhecidas como especiali- dades médicas no Brasil, não são ensinadas na maioria das escolas médicas. O objetivo foi avaliar as atitudes dos acadêmicos perante estas práticas, após sua inserção como disciplinas eletivas no currículo da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) em 2002. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Questionário, na FMUSP. MÉTODOS: 484 estudantes responderam um questionário auto-aplicável sobre interesse no aprendizado, forma de ensino, nível de conhecimento e forma de aquisição, experiência da terapêutica em si próprios ou pessoas próximas, principais indicações e eficácia geral, e possibilidade de oferecimento e integração junto aos serviços públicos de saúde. RESULTADOS: Acima de 85% dos estudantes considerou que a homeopatia e a acupuntura deveriam estar inseridas no currículo, de forma opcional (72%) ou obrigatória (19%); 56% mostraram-se muito interessados no aprendizado. Apesar de 76% terem nenhum ou pouco conhecimento, 67% creditavam algum grau de eficácia às terapêuticas, tendo como principais indicações as doenças crônicas, isoladamente (37%) ou englobando também as doenças agudas (29%). Em torno de 35% foram favoráveis ao oferecimento ambulatorial nos serviços públicos de saúde, enquanto que 34% defenderam a disponibilização também em hospitais, com 60% acreditando na possibilidade de integração com a prática médica convencional. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos estudantes de medicina entrevistados mostrou-se bastante interessada em aprender os fundamentos da homeopatia e da acupuntura durante a graduação, foi capaz de observar e reportar a eficácia e defendeu a incorporação nos serviços públicos de saúde.
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