Chronic pain among older adults and its impact on satisfaction with social participation: development and validation of the “Instrument to Assess Older Adults’ Social Participation”: a descriptive quantitative study
Keywords:
Aged, Social participation, Chronic pain, Quality of life, Older adults, Pain impacts, Social aspectsAbstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to develop and validate a practical instrument to assess older adults’ satisfaction with their social participation (SP).
DESIGN AND SETTING: This methodological validation study was conducted at a public higher education institution.
METHODS: A two-phase study was designed, developed, and validated to assess older adults’ satisfaction with their SP. In the first phase, we conceptualized SP and developed an “instrument to assess older adults’ satisfaction with their SP (IAPSI),” as approved by a committee of specialists, pre-tested, and partially validated. Second, we determined the IAPSI’s reproducibility using Cronbach’s alpha to measure internal consistency, Pearson’s and Spearman’s coefficients to measure correlations, the Bland-Altman plot and
intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to measure reproducibility. We also generated a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
RESULTS: 102 older adults (mean age, 87.29) participated in the first phase. Moderate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.7) and significant moderate correlations with quality of life by World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-bref and by WHOQOL-old social domains (Pearson’s coefficients 0.54 and 0.64, respectively; P < 0.001) were found. The ROC curve indicated an IAPSI score of 17 as the threshold for the impact of pain on satisfaction with SP (83.3% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity, P < 0.001). In the second phase, 56 older adults (between 81 and 90 years old) participated. We found adequate intra- and inter-observer reproducibility for the IAPSI (ICC 0.96 and 0.78, respectively).
CONCLUSION: We have developed a practical instrument with appropriate psychometric properties to assess older adults’ satisfaction with their SP.
Downloads
References
AGS Panel on Persistent Pain in Older Persons. The management of persistent pain in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(6 Suppl):S205-24. PMID: 12067390; https://doi.org/10.1046/j.15325415.50.6s.1.x.
Almeida CBL, Félix RH, Cendoroglo MS, Santos FC. Pain-induced depression in the elderly: Validation of psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the “Geriatric Emotional Assessment of Pain” – GEAP-b. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2017;63(9):741-6. PMID: 29239456; https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.09.741
American Geriatrics Society Panel on Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons. Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009;57(8):1331-46. PMID: 19573219; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02376.x.
Dueñas M, Ojeda B, Salazar A, Mico JA, Failde I. A review of chronic pain impact on patients, their social environment and the health care system. J Pain Res. 2016;(9):457-67. PMID: 27418853; https://doi. org/10.2147/JPR.S105892.
Rebellato C. Preditores da Participação Social de idosos independentes cadastrados em Estratégias de Saúde da Família do município de Araras/SP [thesis]. São Paulo: Universidade Federal de São Carlos Centro de Educação e Ciências Humanas (UFSCAR); 2016. Available from: https://repositorio. ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8753?show=full. Accessed in 2022 (May 25).
Gorjão S. Envelhecimento Ativo: O papel da participação social Construção e Validação de um Instrumento [dissertation]. Lisboa:
Instituto Universitário de Lisboa. Escola de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (ISCTE-IUL); 2011. Available from: https://repositorio.iscteiul.pt/bitstream/10071/4555/1/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20 Participa%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Social%20EPSI(SG).pdf. Accessed in 2022 (May 25).
Silva e Costa ZMS, Pinto RMC, Mendonça TMDS, Silva CHMD. Validação brasileira dos bancos de itens Distúrbio do Sono e Distúrbio da Vigília do Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) [Brazilian validation of the item banks on Sleep Disturbance and Wake Disturbance in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)]. Cad Saude
Publica. 2020;8;36(6):e00228519. Erratum in: Cad Saude Publica. 2021;37(5):eER228519. PMID: 32520128; https://doi.org/10.1590/0102311X00228519.
Silva MCL. Validação e calibração da versão brasileira do domínio satisfação com a participação social do Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System - PROMIS® - (versão 1.0) [thesis]. Minas Gerais: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU); 2019. Available from: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/24772. Accessed in 2022 (May 25).
Kline P. The handbook of psychological testing. London: Routledge; 1995.
Maack DJ, Buchanan E, Young J. Development and psychometric investigation of an inventory to assess fight, flight and freeze tendencies: the fight, the flight, freeze questionnaire. Cogn Behav Ther. 2015;44(2):117-27. PMID: 25365751; https://doi.org/10.1080/16 506073.2014.972443.
Ferraz AS. Psicometria. Aval Psicol. 2016;15(1):129-31. Available from: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid =S1677-04712016000100015. Accessed in 2022 (May 25).
The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med. 1998;46(12):1569-85. PMID: 9672396; https://doi.org/10.1016/S02779536(98)00009-4.
Power M, Quinn K, Schmidt S; WHOQOL-OLD Group. Development of the WHOQOL-old module. Qual Life Res. 2005;14(10):2197-214. PMID: 16328900; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-005-7380-9.
Thomas E, Peat G, Harris L, Wilkie R, Croft PR. The prevalence of pain and pain interference in a general population of older adults: crosssectional findings from the North Staffordshire Osteoarthritis Project (NorStOP). Pain. 2004;110(1-2):361-8. PMID: 15275787; https://doi. org/10.1016/j.pain.2004.04.017.
Almeida CBL, Félix RH, Cendoroglo MS, Santos FC. Pain-induced depression in the elderly: Validation of psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the “Geriatric Emotional Assessment of Pain” - GEAP-b. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2017;63(9):741-6. PMID: 29239456; https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.09.741.
Silva PA, Soares SM, Santos JF, Silva LB. Cut-off point for WHOQOLbref as a measure of quality of life of older adults. Rev Saude Publica. 2014;48(3):390-7. PMID: 25119934; https://doi.org/10.1590/s00348910.2014048004912.
Rebellato C, Hayashi MCPI. Participação social do idoso - estudo bibliométrico da produção científica recente. RECIIS – Rev Eletron de Comun Inf Inov Saude. 2014;8(3):264-87. Available from: https://www. reciis.icict.fiocruz.br/index.php/reciis/article/view/444/1099. Accessed in 2023 (Apr 6).
Tollison CD, Satterthwaite JR, Tollison JW. Handbook of pain management. Baltimore: Williams&Wilkins; 1994.
Ferretti F, Castanha A, Padoan E, Lutinski J, Silva, M. Quality of life in the elderly with and without chronic pain. Braz J Pain. 2018;1(2):111-5. https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20180022.
Celich KL, Galon C. Dor crônica em idosos e sua influência nas atividades da vida diária e convivência social. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2009;12(3):345-59. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2009.00004.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 São Paulo Medical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
