Suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use by adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Autores

Palavras-chave:

Adolescent, Psychotropic drugs, Systematic review, Suicide, Substance-related disorders, Drug use, Similar predictors, Suicide ideation

Resumo

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is characterized by complex and dynamic changes, often involving experimentation, including the use of psychotropic substances. Although it is well-established that recreational psychotropic drugs are associated with suicide ideation in adults, evidence of this association in adolescents remains limited.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use among adolescents.
DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review with meta-analysis developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) and Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
METHODS: A search across eight electronic databases for observational studies, without language or publication year restrictions, was conducted. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Random-effects meta-analyses and odds ratios were used to measure the effects.
RESULTS: The search yielded 19,732 studies, of which 78 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 32 in the meta-analysis. The findings indicated that suicidal ideation was 1.96 times more likely (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.47; 2.61) for adolescents who used some drug recurrently and 3.32 times more likely (95%CI = 1.86; 5.93) among those who abused drugs. Additionally, adolescents who used cannabis were 1.57 times more likely (95%CI = 1.34; 1.84) to experience suicide ideation compared with non-users, while cocaine users had 2.57 times higher odds (95%CI = 1.47; 4.50).
CONCLUSIONS: Psychotropic recreational drug use is associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents regardless of current or previous use, abuse, or type of substance used.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification number CRD42021232360. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021232360.

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Biografia do Autor

Cássia Lima de Oliveira Gracini, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

MSc. Nurse, Master’s student, Postgraduate Program in Management and Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba (SP), Brazil.

Gustavo Giacomelli Nascimento, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

PhD. Dentist, Principal Investigator, National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Professor, Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.

Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

MSc. Dentist, Master’s student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil.

Murilo Navarro de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil.

Álex Moreira Herval, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil.

Cauane Blumenberg, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

PhD. Computer Scientist, Collaborative Researcher, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas (RS), Brazil.

Walbert A. Vieira, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba (SP), Brazil.

Rafael Rodrigues Lima, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil

PhD. Dentist, Professor, Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém (PA), Brazil.

Luiz Renato Paranhos, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG), Brazil.

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2025-04-07

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Gracini CL de O, Nascimento GG, Vidigal MTC, Oliveira MN de, Herval Álex M, Blumenberg C, Vieira WA, Lima RR, Paranhos LR. Suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use by adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sao Paulo Med J [Internet]. 7º de abril de 2025 [citado 15º de outubro de 2025];142(4):1-21. Disponível em: https://periodicosapm.emnuvens.com.br/spmj/article/view/3065

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v. 142 n. 4 (2024)

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