Brazilian version of the Cognitive Risk Profile for Pain Scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation
Keywords:
Chronic pain, Musculoskeletal system, Measurement properties, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Pain, COSMIN, PROMs, Cognitive dysfunctionAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Cognitive Risk Profile for Pain (CRPP) scale for Brazilians with chronic pain.
Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based validation study. Patients (males and females) with pain in any part of the body for > 3 months were included (n = 191). The participants were assessed using the CRPP scale, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale (PCTS), and the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS). After the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the CRPP scale, we tested for ceiling or floor effects, construct validity, reliability, and internal consistency. Finally, the second application of the CRPP scale was used to measure test-retest reliability.
RESULTS: Most participants were female, over 36 years of age, overweight, physically active, and had an average pain history of approximately 41 months. No ceiling or floor effects are observed. Nine domains of the CRPP scale correlated with the NPRS score, two domains of the HADS and PCTS, and six domains of the BRUMS. All CRPP domains demonstrated adequate reliability and internal consistency.
CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the CRPP scale demonstrated adequate measurement properties in patients with chronic pain.
Downloads
References
Cohen SP, Vase L, Hooten WM. Chronic pain: an update on burden, best practices, and new advances. Lancet. 2021;397(10289):2082–97. PMID: 34062143; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00393-7.
Aguiar DP, Souza CPQ, Barbosa WJM, Santos FFU Júnior, Oliveira AS. Prevalência de dor crônica no Brasil: revisão sistemática. BrJP 2021;4(3):257–67. https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20210041.
Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(24):3186–91. PMID: 11124735; https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014.
Cook AJ, DeGood DE. The cognitive risk profile for pain: development of a self-report inventory for identifying beliefs and attitudes that interfere with pain management. Clin J Pain. 2006;22(4):332–45. PMID: 16691085; https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ajp.0000209801.78043.91.
Churruca K, Pomare C, Ellis LA, et al. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): a review of generic and condition-specific measures and a discussion of trends and issues. Health Expect. 2021;24(4):1015–24. PMID: 33949755; https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13254.
Mokkink LB, Prinsen CA, Patrick DL, et al. COSMIN methodology for systematic reviews of Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs): user manual. Version 1.0, dated February 2018. Amsterdam: COSMIN; 2018.
Terwee CB, Mokkink LB, Knol DL, et al. Rating the methodological quality in systematic reviews of studies on measurement properties: a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist. Qual Life Res. 2012;21(4):651–7. PMID: 21732199; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-9960-1.
Ferreira-Valente MA, Pais-Ribeiro JL, Jensen MP. Validity of four pain intensity rating scales. Pain. 2011;152(10):2399–404. PMID: 21856077; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2011.07.005.
Castro MM, Quarantini L, Batista-Neves S, et al. Validade da escala hospitalar de ansiedade e depressão em pacientes com dor crônica [Validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with chronic pain.]. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2006;56(5):470–7. PMID: 19468593; https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-70942006000500005.
Sardá J Junior, Nicholas MK, Pereira IA, et al. Validation of the pain-related catastrophizing thoughts scale. Acta Fisiatr. 2008;15(1):31–6. https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20080001.
Rohlfs ICPM, Rotta TM, Luft CDB, et al. A Escala de Humor de Brunel (BRUMS): instrumento para detecção precoce da síndrome do excesso de treinamento. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2008;14(3):176–81. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922008000300003.
Fleiss JL. The design and analysis of clinical experiments. New York: Wiley; 1999.
Pontes-Silva A, Avila MA, Fidelis-de-Paula-Gomes CA, Dibai AV Filho. The short-form neck disability index has adequate measurement properties in chronic neck pain patients. Eur Spine J. 2021;30(12):3593–9. PMID: 34647181; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-021-07019-4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 São Paulo Medical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
