Positivity of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C in patients enrolled in a confidential self-exclusion system of blood donation
a cross-sectional analytical study
Keywords:
Blood donors, Blood-borne pathogens, Safety, Hepatitis, HIVAbstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Selection of healthy blood donors is essential to ensure blood safety. A confidential self-exclusion (CSE) system was designed so that high-risk donors could confidentially exclude their blood from use in transfusions. This study aimed to compare the demographic characteristics and the results from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface (HBS) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening tests on donors who opted to get into and out of CSE. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study on all volunteer donors at Shiraz Blood Transfusion Organization from March 21, 2006, to March 21, 2008. METHODS: The results from the abovementioned tests were compared between donors who opted into and out of CSE. RESULTS: 100,148 donors in 2006 and 104,271 in 2007 gave blood. Among these donors, respectively, 829 (0.82%) and 592 (0.57%) opted for the CSE. The prevalence of HIV antibodies, HBS antigens and HCV antibodies in CSE donors was significantly higher than in donors who did not choose CSE (p < 0.05). The prevalence of at least one of these three infections among CSE donors was 3.12% in 2006 and 3.04% in 2007, and was significantly higher than the prevalence among non-CSE donors (0.58% and 0.57%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Because of the higher prevalence of HBS, HCV and HIV positivity in blood donors who chose the CSE option, offering CSE to blood donors could be a potentially useful method for improving blood safety, since it could increase the detection of infected blood during the window period.
Downloads
References
Pindyck J, Waldman A, Zang E, et al. Measures to decrease the risk of acquired immuno- deficiency syndrome transmission by blood transfusion. Evidence of volunteer blood donor cooperation. Transfusion. 1985;25(1):3-9.
Tosti ME, Solinas S, Prati D, et al. An estimate of the current risk of transmitting blood-borne infections through blood transfusion in Italy. Br J Haematol. 2002;117(1):215-9.
Stigum H, Bosnes V, Magnus P, Ørjasaeter H. Risk behaviour among blood donors who give blood in order to be tested for the human immunodeficiency virus. Vox Sang. 2001;80(1):24-7.
Kasraian L, Torab Jahromi SA; International Conference on AIDS (15th: 2004: Bangkok, Thailand).. Surveying the frequency of people who have donated blood for the HIV check up at Shiraz Blood Transfusion Organization In the first half of 2003. Int Conf AIDS. 2004 Jul 11-16; 15: abstract no. C11883. Available from: http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/MeetingAbstracts/ma?f=102277448.html. Accessed in 2010 (Jun 23).
Korelitz JJ, Williams AE, Busch MP, et al. Demographic characteristics and prevalence of sero- logic markers among donors who use the confidential unit exclusion process: the Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. Transfusion. 1994;34(10):870-6.
Pastucha L, Andres J, Stangel W. Analyse des Spenderselbstausschlusses (SSA) bei Dauer- blutspendern [Analysis of donor self exclusion in repeat blood donors]. Beitr Infusionsther. 1990;26:5-8.
Petersen LR, Lackritz E, Lewis WF, et al. The effectiveness of the confidential unit exclusion option. Transfusion. 1994;34(10):865-9.
Food and Drug Administration. Department of Health & Human Services. Revised recom- mendations for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by blood and blood products. April 23, 1992. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/OtherRecommendationsforManufacturers/MemorandumtoBloodEstablishments/UCM062834.pdf. Accessed in 2010 (Jun 23).
Dodd RY, Notari EP 4th, Stramer SL. Current prevalence and incidence of infectious disease markers and estimated window-period risk in the American Red Cross blood donor popula- tion. Transfusion. 2002;42(8):975-9.
Zou S, Notari EP 4th, Musavi F, Dodd RY, ARCNET Study Group. Current impact of the confi- dential unit exclusion option. Transfusion. 2004;44(5):651-7.
Koerner K, Peichl-Hoffmann G, Kubanek B. Vertraulicher Spenderselbstausschluss zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit von Blutpräparaten. [Confidential donor self-exclusion for raising the safely of blood preparations]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1990;115(1):8-11.
Chiewsilp P, Kithornpan S, Stabunswadigan S, Iamslip W, Suebsaeng C. Evaluation of do- nor self exclusion program. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1993;24 Suppl 1:130-2.
