Índice de adiposidade visceral e prognóstico em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca isquêmica
Palavras-chave:
Antropometria, Índice de massa corporal, Insuficiência cardíaca, Mortalidade, Obesidade abdominalResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS: O paradoxo da obesidade já está consolidado na insuficiência cardíaca, mas não se sabe qual indicador de obesidade melhor reflete esse fenômeno. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre índices de obesidade e a mortalidade entre pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de coorte realizado no Departamento de Cardiologia do Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição (Brasil). MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 116 pacientes com diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca de 30 a 85 anos. Dados clínicos, demográficos, socioeconômicos, bioquímicos e antropométricos foram avaliados. Área de gordura do braço, índice de massa corporal, área de superfície corporal, índice de adiposidade corporal, produto da acumulação lipídica e índice de adiposidade visceral foram calculados; regressão de Cox foi usada para realizar análises de sobrevida. RESULTADOS: No início do estudo, indivíduos com insuficiência cardíaca isquêmica que se mantiveram vivos mostraram valores mais elevados de índice de adiposidade visceral (3,60 ± 3,71 contra 1,48 ± 1,58, P = 0,04) e uma tendência para produto da acumulação lipídica maior quando comparados com os indivíduos que morreram. Após acompanhamento médio de 14,3 meses, os pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca isquêmica que apresentaram índice de adiposidade visceral > 1,21 tiveram 78% menor risco de morrer (HR 0,12; IC 95% 0,02-0,67, P = 0,02) e as curvas de Kaplan-Meier para sobrevida mostraram melhor prognóstico nesses indivíduos (P = 0,005, teste log-rank). CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados sugerem que o índice de adiposidade visceral é um bom preditor de melhor prognóstico em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca isquêmica.
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