Incidência de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica com base em três critérios diagnósticos espirométricos em São Paulo, Brasil
seguimento de nove anos após o estudo de prevalência PLATINO
Palavras-chave:
Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, Incidência, Diagnóstico, Epidemiologia, EspirometriaResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) é uma enfermidade respiratória de alta prevalência e grande impacto socioeconômico no mundo e afeta aproximadamente 16% da po-pulação paulista. A incidência da DPOC ainda é desconhecida no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os novos casos de DPOC numa amostra de base populacional em São Paulo, Brasil, considerando três diferentes critérios diagnósticos espirométricos, e avaliar a concordância entre esses critérios. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de coorte prospectivo, na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário e realizadas a antropometria e espirometria pré e pós-bronco-dilatador nos mesmos indivíduos do Estudo PLATINO inicial (2003), de São Paulo. Dados deste estudo de seguimento foram adicionados ao banco de dados original da fase inicial. Os casos incidentes da DPOC se referem aos indivíduos que desenvolveram a doença de acordo com cada critério espirométrico durante os nove anos de seguimento. Foi utilizado o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) na análise e o nível de significância foi P < 0.05. RESULTADOS: Participaram do seguimento 613 indivíduos. Os novos casos de DPOC variaram de 1,4% a 4,0%, dependendo do critério diagnóstico utilizado, e a concordância entre os critérios para identificar os casos incidentes variou de 35% a 60%. CONCLUSÃO: A incidência da DPOC após nove anos de seguimento foi alta, porém variável de acordo com o critério espirométrico utilizado. A concordância entre os critérios para identificar os novos casos da doença variou de 35% a 60%.
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