Qualidade de vida em pacientes iranianos com beta-talassemia maior usando o questionário SF-36
Palavras-chave:
Talassemia beta, Doença crônica, Nível de saúde, Saúde mental, Qualidade de vidaResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Pacientes com beta-talassemia maior (β-TM) vivenciam problemas físicos, psicológicos e sociais que levam à diminuição da qualidade de vida (QV). O objetivo foi determinar a QV relacionada à saúde e seus determinantes em pacientes com β-TM, utilizando questionário SF-36 (Short Form-36). TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal no Centro de Hematologia e Pesquisa em Universidade de Ciências Médicas de Shiraz, no sul do Irã. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 101 pacientes com β-TM. Após registro demográfico e características da doença, eles foram convidados a preencher o questionário SF-36. A correlação entre fatores clínicos e demográficos com escore de QV foi avaliada. RESULTADOS: Havia 44 homens e 57 mulheres, com idade média de 19,52 ± 4,3 (variação 12-38) anos. Em duas escalas, dor (P = 0,041) e aspectos emocionais (P = 0,009), as mulheres apresentaram escores significativamente menores aos dos homens. Menor renda, baixa adesão à terapia quelante de ferro e presença de comorbidades foram correlacionadas com escores SF-36 significativamente menores. Esses fatores foram também considerados determinantes de piores escores de SF-36 em análise multivariada. CONCLUSÕES: Mostramos que a presença de complicações da doença, a baixa adesão ao tratamento da terapia quelante de ferro e o baixo status econômico são preditores de pior QV em pacientes com β-TM. Prevenção e manejo adequado das complicações relacionadas com a doença, aumento do conhecimento dos pacientes sobre a importância do gerenciamento de comorbidades e ter maior adesão ao tratamento quelante de ferro, considerando também o apoio psicossocial e financeiro, poderiam ser úteis para melhor lidar com esse estado de doença crônica.
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