Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas' myocarditis
Palavras-chave:
Myocarditis, Chagas's diseaseResumo
A patogênese da miocardite chagásica crônica permanece incompletamente compreendida. Diferentes hipóteses têm sido propostas: (1) lesão direta do tecido pelo Trypanosoma cruzi; (2) teoria neurogênica; (3) reações imunológicas antimiocárdio; e (4) doença microvascular. Apresentamos, no presente trabalho, uma hipótese alternativa. Acreditamos que o desenvolvimento da miocardite está relacionado à necrose celular focal progressiva e acumulativa, associada à fibrose intersticial reparativa e reativa e hipertrofia miocitária circunjacente. Esses processos seriam iniciados e perpetuados por fatores auto-imunes e alterações na microcirculação do miocárdio. As alterações intrínsecas do sistema nervoso autônomo estariam implicadas no contexto global da evolução clínico-patológica da cardiopatia chagásica crônica. O mecanismo fisiopatogênico proposto teria implicações em futuras estratégias terapêuticas no tratamento do paciente chagásico crônico visando otimizar o tratamento médico e auspiciosamente melhorar o prognóstico.
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