Oxcarbazepina para epilepsia refratária
revisão sistemática da literatura
Palavras-chave:
Anticonvulsivos, Epilepsia, Revisão [Tipo de Publicação], Convulsões, CarbamazepinaResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Estima-se que 50 milhões de pessoas no mundo sofrem de epilepsia e cerca de 30% não obterão controle adequado da doença. O objetivo foi de avaliar a efetividade de oxcarbazepina na epilepsia parcial ou generalizada refratária. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática. A busca foi nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs, EMBASE e CENTRAL. Os estudos foram analisados segundo a metodologia da Cochrane Colaboration. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos quatro ensaios clínicos aleatórios de média a má qualidade. Entre os pacientes adultos as chances de obterem redução de 50% na frequência de convulsões foram maiores após uso de oxcarbazepina na dose de 600 mg (risco relativo, RR 2.11; intervalo de confiança, IC 95% 1,32 a 3,35; na dose de 1.200 mg (RR 3,24; IC 95% 2,11 a 4,98) e na dose de 2.400 mg (RR 3,83; IC 95% 2,59 a 5,97). Entre as crianças a resposta no grupo usando oxcarbazepina também foi significativamente maior (RR 2,11; IC 95% 1,32 a 3,35). Oxcarbazepina mostrou probabilidade dos pacientes ficarem livre de convulsões, ser eficaz nas doses de 1.200 mg (RR 17,59; IC 95% 2.37 a 130,35) e 2.400 mg (RR 25,41; IC 95% 6,26 a 103,10) não foi eficaz na dose de 600 mg. Não houve diferença estatística significante entre oxcarbazepina e carbamazepina no controle das crises. CONCLUSÕES: Há evidências moderada de que a oxcarbazepina é um tratamento eficaz como alternativa para os casos de epilepsia parcial ou generalizada em crianças e adultos que tenham sido refratários a tratamento prévio.
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