Classificação filogenética dos genótipos de papilomavírus humano em neoplasia intraepitelial cervical de alto grau em mulheres de uma região urbana brasileira densamente povoada
Palavras-chave:
Papillomavirus 11 humano, Papillomavirus 16 humano, Papillomavirus 18 humano, Papillomavirus 6 humano, Genótipo, Neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical, Câncer, Reação em cadeia da polimeraseResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Diferentes tipos de papilomavírus humano (human papillomavirus, HPV) podem ser correlacionados com a capacidade biológica e risco de invasão das neoplasias intra-epitelial de alto grau cervical (NIC 2 e NIC 3). O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a relação de diferentes tipos de HPV com a gravidade da NIC. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal na Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados os genótipos específicos de HPV da amostra cervical de 106 mulheres com NIC 2 (18) ou NIC 3 (88), utilizando Roche Linear Array® (LA) HPV genotyping assay. Foram comparadas as proporções de NIC 2 e NIC 3 em grupos de mulheres infectadas com tipos de HPV dos grupos filogenéticos A7 e A9. Três grupos foram formados: mulheres com infecção simples; infecção múltipla; e infecção simples e múltipla. RESULTADOS: Infecções múltiplas foram detectadas em 68 (64,7%) das amostras. Os genótipos de alto risco mais frequentemente detectados em infecção simples ou múltipla foram HPV 16 (57,1%), HPV 58 (24,7%), HPV 33 (15,2%), HPV 52 (13,3%), HPV 31 (10,4%), HPV 51 (7,6%) e HPV 18 (6,6%). A probabilidade de mulheres com NIC 3 serem infectadas com HPV que não da espécie Alfa 9 era menor do que com os tipos de HPV da espécie Alfa 9. HPV 16 e ou 18, associado ou não com outros tipos virais eram mais frequentemente encontrados nas mulheres com NIC 3 do que naquelas com NIC 2. CONCLUSÃO: A gravidade da NIC de alto grau pode ser aumentada pela presença de tipos de HPV incluídos na classificação filogenética Alfa 9 e por infecções que incluem HPV 16 e 18 combinados ou não com outros genótipos de HPV.
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