Teriparatida (hormônio recombinante humano da paratireóide 1-34) para mulheres com osteoporose pós-menopausa
revisão sistemática
Palavras-chave:
Osteoporose, Fraturas ósseas, Pós-menopausa, Teriparatida, RevisãoResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A osteoporose é definida como uma doença caracterizada por baixa massa óssea e deteriorização da microarquiquetura do tecido ósseo. O paratormônio estimula a formação e a ação dos osteoblastos responsáveis pela formação dos ossos, promovendo ganho de tecido ósseo. O objetivo foi determinar a efetividade e a segurança da teriparatida no tratamento da osteoporose pós-menopausa. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de acordo com a metodologia da Colaboração Cochrane. RESULTADOS: 1) Teriparatida 20 µg ou 40 µg versus placebo: benefício da teriparatida considerando os desfechos redução do número de novas fraturas vertebrais e não-vertebrais, aumento da densidade mineral óssea corporal total, lombar e do fêmur. 2) Teriparatida 40 µg versus alendronato 10 mg/dia por 14 meses: não houve diferença estatística em relação a incidência de novas fraturas vertebrais ou nãovertebrais, porém, no grupo que recebeu a teriparatida, houve maior ganho de densidade mineral óssea corporal total, na coluna lombar e no fêmur (região intertrocantérica e triângulo de Wards). 3) Estrogênio mais teriparatida 25 µg versus estrogênio: houve benefício do estrogênio associado a teriparatida considerando os desfechos redução do número de novas fraturas vertebrais, aumento da densidade mineral óssea corporal total, lombar e do fêmur ao final dos três anos do estudo. CONCLUSÕES: A teriparatida, quando administrada em baixas doses e de forma intermitente, reduz as fraturas vertebrais (67%) e não vertebrais (38%) e aumenta a densidade mineral óssea na coluna lombar e no fêmur. Há necessidade de estudos de maior tempo de observação para permitir conclusões sobre a segurança e a duração dos efeitos terapêuticos.
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