The relationship of host immune cells, cytokine and nitric oxide production to tumor cells in ovarian carcinoma
Palavras-chave:
Ovarian carcinoma, Tumor-associated mononuclear cells, Cytokines, Nitric oxideResumo
OBJETIVOS: Analisar a complexa relação entre as células mononucleares associadas ao tumor (TAMs) e as células neoplásicas, sendo resumidos sua competência imunológica, perfil da produção de citocinas e de óxido nítrico (NO) no microambiente tumoral, com aspectos atuais de como a produção desses mediadores poderia afetar o crescimento tumoral. ORIGEM DOS DADOS: Os dados foram obtidos de artigos indexados através da rede Medline durante os últimos 10 anos. As palavras-chave utilizadas na pesquisa foram basicamente: câncer, carcinoma ovariano, citocina, óxido nítrico, células mononucleares, linfócito, macrófago. SELEÇÃO DOS ESTUDOS E COLETA DOS DADOS: Foram revistos 30 trabalhos contendo dados relacionados à produção de citocinas e NO por TAMs e/ou células neoplásicas e que tentaram estabelecer uma correlação entre a produção desses mediadores e o crescimento tumoral, particularmente no carcinoma ovariano. RESUMO DOS DADOS: As TAMs consistem principalmente de macrófagos e linfócitos T que apresentam baixo índice proliferativo e baixa citotoxicidade comparada aos monócitos autólogos do sangue, embora sejam capazes de liberar várias citocinas. O perfil da expressão de citocinas poderia ajudar a explicar tanto a deficiência imunológica observada em pacientes com carcinoma em fase avançada como também o potencial das TAMs em exercer atividade antitumoral, o que torna essas células um alvo para intervenção terapêutica. Além das citocinas, o NO também é produzido no microambiente tumoral. Várias observações em animais sugerem um papel tumoricida para o NO, mas em tumores humanos seu papel não foi estabelecido podendo ser alterado durante a progressão do tumor.
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