What happens next: The lingering effects of child abuse in a Mexican cohort
Palavras-chave:
Child abuse, Cohort studies, Sports, Protective factors, Substance abuse, Mood disorders, SurvivorsResumo
BACKGROUND: Understanding the lingering effects of child abuse may improve healthcare pathways with preventive and supportive strategies.
OBJECTIVE: To compare adverse outcomes between survivors of child abuse and non-exposed subjects. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a cohort study conducted at the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
METHODS: This cohort study of Mexicans compared adverse outcomes between survivors of child abuse and non-exposed individuals from 2011 to 2018. Additionally, we contacted survivors in 2020 to collect additional data, including sociodemographic and study variable-related information.
RESULTS: This study included 300 survivors of child abuse, paired by age with 300 non-exposed subjects. Neglect and sexual abuse were the most frequent types of abuse. Among the survivors, there was a higher risk of hyperactivity with attention deficit [Relative Risk (RR) = 4.65 (2.06 – 10.51); P = 0.0001], drug abuse [RR = 3.09 (1.25 – 7.63); P = 0.0001], mood disorders [RR = 2.97 (1.81 – 4.86); P = 0.0001], tobacco use [RR = 2.79 (1.60 – 4.88); P = 0.0001], and engagement with substance abuse and sexual intercourse at a younger age. Non-exposed subjects had a higher level of education [RR = 0.65 (0.49 – 0.87); P = 0.0001] and were more engaged in sports [RR = 0.31 (0.18 – 0.52); P = 0.0001].
CONCLUSION: Survivors of child abuse are at risk for psychological problems and substance abuse. Increasing sports engagement and school attendance may protect against adverse outcomes.
Downloads
Referências
1. Norman RE, Byambaa M, De R, et al. The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2012;9(11):e1001349. PMID: 23209385; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349.
2. Robledo Aceves M, Jaime Maldonado NJ, Martinez Romero E, Barriga Marin JA. Risk factors associated with maltreatment syndrome in Mexican children seen at the Emergency Department. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2020;118(1):4-10. PMID: 31984689; https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2020.eng.4.
3. Barriga-Marin JA, Robledo-Aceves M. Atencion del maltrato infantil en el servicio de urgencias. Salud Publica Mex. 2020;62(4):453-4. PMID: 32549089; https://doi.org/10.21149/11431.
4. Wilkinson A, Lantos H, McDaniel T, Winslow H. Disrupting the link between maltreatment and delinquency: how school, family, and community factors can be protective. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):588. PMID: 31110102; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6906-y.
5. Zhou Y, Liang Y, Cheng J, Zheng H, Liu Z. Child Maltreatment in Western China: Demographic Differences and Associations with Mental Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(19):3619. PMID: 31561624; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193619.
6. Boyd M, Kisely S, Najman J, Mills R. Child maltreatment and attentional problems: A longitudinal birth cohort study. Child Abuse Negl. 2019;98:104170. PMID: 31525706; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104170.
7. Mills R, Scott J, Alati R, et al. Child maltreatment and adolescent mental health problems in a large birth cohort. Child Abuse Negl. 2013;37(5):292-302. PMID: 23380430; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.11.008.
8. Young JC, Widom CS. Long-term effects of child abuse and neglect on emotion processing in adulthood. Child Abuse Negl. 2014;38(8):1369-81. PMID: 24747007; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.008.
9. Kisely S, Siskind D, Scott JG, Najman JM. Self-reported child maltreatment and cardiometabolic risk in 30-year-old adults. Intern Med J. 2023;53(7):1121-30. PMID: 35607779; https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.15824.
10. Kimber M, McTavish JR, Couturier J, et al. Consequences of child emotional abuse, emotional neglect and exposure to intimate partner violence for eating disorders: a systematic critical review. BMC Psychol. 2017;5(1):33. PMID: 28938897; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-017-0202-3.
11. Thompson R, Lewis T, Neilson EC, et al. Child Maltreatment and Risky Sexual Behavior. Child Maltreat. 2017;22(1):69-78. PMID: 27777330; https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559516674595.
12. Clements-Nolle K, Larson S, Buttar A, Dermid-Gray L. Childhood maltreatment and unprotected sex among female juvenile offenders: evidence of mediation by substance abuse and psychological distress. Women's Health Issues. 2017;27(2):188-95. PMID: 28087129; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2016.12.004.
13. Strathearn L, Giannotti M, Mills R, et al. Long-term cognitive, psychological, and health outcomes associated with child abuse and neglect. Pediatrics. 2020;146(4):e20200438. PMID: 32943535; https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0438.
14. Guha A, Luebbers S, Papalia N, Ogloff JRP. A follow-up study of mental health service utilisation in a cohort of 2433 sexually abused Australian children utilising five years of medical data. Child Abuse Negl. 2019;90:174-84. PMID: 30798015; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.015.
15. Mills R, Kisely S, Alati R, Strathearn L, Najman JM. Child maltreatment and cannabis use in young adulthood: a birth cohort study. Addiction. 2017;112(3):494-501. PMID: 27741369; https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13634.
16. Fortin-Langelier E, Daigneault I, Achim J, et al. A Matched Cohort Study of the Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Teenage Pregnancy. J Adolesc Health. 2019;65(3):384-9. PMID: 31196780; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.03.001.
17. MacMillan HL, Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Preventive health care, 2000 update: prevention of child maltreatment. CMAJ. 2000;163(11):1451-8. PMID: 11192650.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
