Análises das isoformas de heparanase e da catepsina B em plasma de pacientes com carcinomas gastrointestinais
estudo transversal analítico
Palavras-chave:
Glucuronidase, Catepsina B, Marcadores biológicos de tumor, Carcinoma, PlasmaResumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A heparanase-1 degrada heparam sulfato e está relacionada à progressão de tumor. Apesar de a isoforma heparanase-2 não possuir atividade catalítica, parece ser importante para modular a atividade da heparanase-1. A catepsina B é uma proteinase envolvida na metástase de tumores. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão das isoformas de heparanase e atividade da catepsina B em amostras de plasma de pacientes com carcinomas gastrointestinais, comparando-se com indivíduos saudáveis (grupo controle).
TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Este é um estudo transversal analítico. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue pe-riférico, em hospital público brasileiro, de 21 pacientes com diagnóstico histopatológico de carcinoma gas-trointestinal e 43 indivíduos saudáveis. As análises foram realizadas em duas faculdades de medicina brasileiras. MÉTODOS: As isoformas da heparanase foram identificadas e quantificadas em amostras de plasma por Western blot. As atividades enzimáticas de heparanase-1 e catepsina B foram também mensuradas.
RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que as expressões das isoformas de heparanase foram sig-nificativamente maiores nas amostras de plasma de pacientes com carcinoma gastrointestinal em com-paração com o grupo controle. A análise feita por regressão logística mostra que aumento na expressão de heparanase-1 e heparanase-2 é exclusivamente dependente da presença de tumor. Houve aumento significativo na atividade da heparanase-1 e catepsina B no plasma dos pacientes.
CONCLUSÃO: A superexpressão de heparanase-1 e heparanase-2, bem como o aumento da atividade de heparanase-1 e catepsina B no plasma, está associada com o diagnóstico de carcinoma gastrointestinal. Tais achados dão suporte ao uso de ensaios não invasivos (amostras de plasma) como método auxiliar para o diagnóstico de tumores gastrointestinais.
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